How inanimate biological macromolecules interact to form life is a major basic scientific issue that has long been outstanding in the field of synthetic biology and even life sciences. Bottom-up synthetic biology understands life by building life and are expected to discover a new mechanism of life function. At present, great progress has been made in the artificial reconstruction of single cellular functions, while the integration of functional modules has been less studied, which is a weak point in synthetic cell construction. How functional modules achieve self-regeneration in synthetic cells also needs to be thoroughly studied. The core goal of our laboratory is to build the core functional modules of the artificial vesicle system from the bottom-up by using biological macromolecules, and to build gene pathways to coordinate these functions. This goal involves five aspects: the growth of synthetic cells, the energy supply of synthetic cells, the material metabolism of synthetic cells, the division of synthetic cells, and the functional coordination of synthetic cells, so as to achieve self-regeneration of synthetic cells. The research idea of this topic is by using highly interdisciplinary tools, including biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, information, engineering, directional evolution and AI to reveal the mechanism of cell life formation and guide the design of synthetic cells, laying theoretical and technical foundation for the ultimate realization of synthetic cells.